Washing machine



May 19, 1931. c. c. BATINA WASHING MACHINE Filed May 51, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet l May 19, 1931. c. C.'BATINA WASHING MACHINE Filed May 51. 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 000000000. g 000 oooooo" 000000 000 000000000 V x M w May 19, 1931. c. c. BATINA WASHING MACHINE F iled May 51,' 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 m K m c. c. BATINA 1,805,862

WASHING MACHINE Filed May 31. 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4,

May 19, 1931.

I H 00000 0 0000000000000 0000 0000000000000 00000000 m 00 000 0 00 000000000000000000 000000000000000000 0 000 000 00000000 r 6000000000000000 0000000000000000 OOOOOOO M 00000000 00000000 000 0000 000 0000 0 000000 000000 000 00 0 0 000o000 m000 m N 0 0000 Z. 3/ 0 if I Patented -May 19, 1931 ,UNETED STATES 7 CHARLES c. BATINA, or oHIcAGddLLI oIs P WASHING Application filed May 3 1,.

This invention relates to washing machines of the rotatable drum type and pertainsmore especially to thefprovision of an improved laundry drum of distinctive construction adapted to thoroughly agitate articles being washed during the washingproce ss," and at. the same time permit unimpeded and free circulation of the washing fluid throughout M the interiorofthedrum. 7

'0 1 A further objectfof the'invention is the provision. of a counter-balanced drum by means of which the opening portion is disposed at a definite place when. the device comes to rest following disengagement of the 1'5 operating mechanism. A' further object is the provision of a device of this character in which the trunnion ,or journal members are detachably secured to the respective drum ends, thus permitting ready replacement; or to repair.

A further object is the provision of an improved drum cover latch or fasteningumeans. p

ther objects will appear hereinafter.

4 The invention'consists in the combinations '25 and arrangements'of parts hereinafter described and claimed. 1 e 1 V ,The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification andin which, I V.

Fig.1 is an end view of a device of the present invention mountedwithin a cylinder andshowing the operating mechanism;

I Fig. 2 is a view of the operating mechanism.

" for drivingthe device, looking toward the right of the parts shownin-Fig'. 1;

Fig. '3 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 33 ofFig. 1.;'- e j i Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. .3; Y

' Fig. 4+A is a broken fragmentary perspective view taken substantially on the line 1A- 1AofFig.4; v p e Fig. 5 is a transversesectiontakenthr'oughthe drum proper; I

.Fig. 6 is a front .elevational view offthe drum proper; 7 Fig.- 7 is a view, partly in'sectiongtaken substantially on the line 7-7 of (Fig. 6) and showing the improved drum cover latch;

of arched angle members 28, eachhavin'g a mica-run;

1928. .Serial No. 281,653.

7 gig. 8 is a bottom view of. the"co verlatc'h; an V Fig. 9 /is a view takenlonthe line 9-9 of Fig.8.fyv g H illustrated in the drawings the" pre ferred embodiment of. the invention" is in}? corporated in'a stationary cylinder 12 suitablysupported by leg members 13L Statio'nary end members 14 and 15 are provided at the respective ends of the cylinder 121and are eachprovided with an inturned flange portion 16 by means of whichends14 and 1 5; are securely attached to the cylindrical portion 12 as by means of bolts 17; Forjthe v purpose of gaining access to the interior of the stationary cylinder 12, asemi-cylindric'al door 18 is provided with" handle 19 anfd is iadapted to slide beneath'eXtensiOnsQQ and21f; mounted adjacent the respective ends of" v cylinder 12 (see Fig.3), so that when cover 18 is slid into open position, the opening 22 for the deposit or withdrawal of laundered f articles is disposed in'a convenient positio'n at one side of the top of the cylinder.

' Theimproved rotatable drum ofthe pres, ent invention is likewise preferably 'cylin-f; drical in general outline, being composed of, a plurality of semi-cylindrical plates 23 which j alternate aroundtheperiph'ery of the drum with inwardly projectinggarchedjribsfil, o

both said plates 23 and ribs Q J being'TPerfdrated to permitfree circulation of the wash? ing'fiuid. 'It has been found in practice that perforations one-fourth of an inch in diam- 'eter on the rib members and perforations five-I,

sixteenths of an inch in dia-meter'o'n the semicylindrical plateshave been very satisfacs tory. Obviously, however, the dimensions of the perforations may be varied to meet dif ferent conditions. These parts are preferably constructed of Monel metal orbrass asi the; lining ofthe stationary cylinder 12, although. obviously, the, parts may be composed of other material if desired. Each arched rib member 24 is provided with outwardly, turned 5 flanges 25 by means of which therib members are se'cure'd'by rivets to plates 23. The respective drum ends 26 and 27' are secured to the intermediate drum membersby means flange conforming in shape to the shape of the rib 24 and riveted to the end thereof and also having a second flange disposed at right angles to the first flange and adapted to be bolted or riveted to the adjacent drum head. The drum is also provided with a perforated sliding door 29 mounted beneath the guide members 30 and 31 (as shown in Fig. 5), and in closed position, is adapted to cover opening 32 in the drum which is provided for the deposit or withdrawal of. articles into or from the drum. Also, as shown in Fig. 5, in the particular embodiment illustrated, be cause rib member 24 is disposed adjacent the lower edge of opening 32, it has been found against the outer surface of one of the drum ends 26, 27, and the other end being screwthreaded to'receive' a nut disposed on the outer face of the opposite drum end.

The rotatable drum is adapted to be supported and rotates upon trunnions 35 and 36 detachably secured to drum ends 26 and 27, respectively, preferably by means of bolts 37" extending through the trunnion bases 38 an'd'39', for the reception of which the respective drum heads are provided with screw threaded openings. Further, the drum heads 26 and 27 are preferably provided with counter-sunk or recessed portions conforming in shape to the respective trunnion bases 38 and 39. By this construction and arrangement,

a trunnion may be rep-laced quickly and conveniently without the necessity of dismantling the entire drum. Enlarged portions 40 and 41 are provided at the center of the respective cylinder ends 14 and 15 to serve as journals for the respective trunnions 35and 36, and keyed upon the latter isa driving gear 42. A drain pipe 43 is connected'to thebottom of the stationary cylinder 12 for discharging the washing fluid when desired.

A latch 44 is provided at each lower corner of the drum sliding cover 29, and the novel,

latch construction comprises a housing 45 (Figs. 7-, 8, and 9) within which is slidably mounteda bolt 46. Housing 45 is secured to cover 29 and in closed position bolt 46 proj ects into a keeper 47 mounted upon the adjacent member 30 or 31. Bolt 46 is normally maintained in an extended or closed position by means of compression springs 48, each of which springs 'extends between the bolt and the opposite internal face of the housing45,

being held in place by bosses 49. An L- shaped handle 50 is pivotally mounted in a slot provided in the bolt 46 permitting the handle to be rotated through an arc of 90, as shown in Fig. 7, and when the bolt is withdrawn and the handle 50 swung to an upright position as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7, portion 51 thereof bears against edge 52 of a slot in the housing 45, thus maintaining the bolt in withdrawn or unlocked position. Handle 50 is also provided with a notch 53 adapted to fit upon an edge of housing 45 when the latch is in locked position. By this unique construction, the latches may be operated independently, and a single operator isenabled to openand close sliding door 29.

Each drum end 26 and 27 is provided with radially extending reinforcing strut members 54 (Figs. 4 and 4A) between which are disposed enlarged portions 55 which are of uniform size with the exception of the two lowermost portions 56 and 57, these latter being enlarged to counter-balance the drum in such manner that when thedriving mechanism is disengaged, the drum will come to rest in the position shown in Fig. 4 in which drum door 29 is in registry withthe cylinder door 18.

' 111 machines of this character, it is desirable to periodically reverse the direction of rotation of the drumand suitable mechanism for this purpose is shown in the form of a driving pinion 58 keyed upon shaft 64, journalled in bracket arm 59, and meshing with intermediate gear 60, keyed upon shaft 60 and journalled in standard 61, said interme diate gear 60 being in mesh withthe drum gear 42. A gear housing 62 encloses this gear train and is held in place upon the hub of gear 42 by collar 63 secured to said hub. Pinion 58 is secured to shaft 64, upon which is mounted two idler pulleys 65 and 66 and a fixed pulley 67. Belt 68 which is twisted leads to 'a main drive shaft and normally travels on idler pulley 65; andbelt 69 leads directly to the main drive shaft and normally "travels upon idler pulley 66. Belt 70 connects the main drive shaft with pulley 71 which rotates loosely upon shaft 64 and to which is secured a worm 72. l/VOrm 72'is in mesh with worm wheel 73, journalled upon bracket 74 and wheel 73 carries a laterally projecting boss 73 which extends into an irregularly shaped slot 75 provided in oscillating arm 76 which is pivotally mounted at 77. A reciprocating carriage 78 is dovetailed upon table 79 and carries belt guides 80 and 81 adapted to engage belts 68 and 69 respectively. Carriage 78 is put in engagement with oscillating arm 76 by meansof a pivoted sector 82 to which is pivotally connected the pull rod 83. Thus arm 7 6is continuously oscillating, and when it is desired-to start operation of the apparatus, sector 82 is pulled by rod 83- into V dered, the desired quantity of washing fluid is engagement with notch 84 causing reciprocation of carriage 78 and the alternative travel upon fixed pulley 67 of a crossed belt 68 and a straightbelt 69. By this arrangement au tomatic reversing rotation of the drum takes place, and the driving mechanism is disen-. gaged by pushing sector 82 to the position shown inFig. 1, after which the belts 68 and 69 line up with the respective idler pulleys and 66. It will be noted that oscillation of arm 7 6 is caused by engagement of lug 7 3' in slot 7 5 and that the reciprocation of carriage 78 alternately shifts the crossed and straight belts 68 and 69 upon the fixed pulley 67. Because of the frequency with which the reversing action takes place, smoother operation results from having the power applied upon'both trunnions of the drum and therefore gear similar to gear 42 is keyed upon trunnion 35, and keyed upon an extension of shaft 64 is a pinion corresponding to pinion i 58 which meshes with an intermediate gear corresponding to gear 60, mounted upon a continuation of shaft 60. A housing 86 similar to housing 62 is also provided and held in place by collar 87 After the deposit of articles to be launplaced within the cylinder 12, and the operation commenced as above described. The improved construction permits free circulation of the washing fluid and thorough permeation of articles to be laundered. It will be noted that the arched ribs project a substantial distanceinto the interior of the drum and the arched portion serves to increase theflow of fluid in and out of the drum by providinga substantial increase in surface area.

In machines of this character, the speed and thoroughness with which the cleansing of the laundered articlestakes place depends to a great extent upon the amount of agitation imparted to the washing fluid, and for this reason it is highly desirable to obtain the greatest possible degree of agitation, while present constructiom this improved result due to the unique construction and arrangement of the rib members is materially enhanced by periodical reversingthe rotation of the drum-by means of the reversing mechanism, all of which contributes to thorou h clea'nsinglof the laundered articles in t e shortest time with, the least possible amount avail myself of said variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claim. I r

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

Y 3 In a washing machine drum, journaled heads, said heads having radial enlargements for reenforcing the structure, a portion of the g the radial enlargements of said heads being ofexcess weight at one side of the axis of the drum whereby to determine the normal position of rest of the drum.

In testimony whereof I have signed'iny at the same time conserving or reducing as V much as possible the resistance upon the moving parts. In the present construction, this result is attained by making'the arched rib members perforated, thus decreasing the resistance offered, and the perforations also serve to increase the agitation of the fluid,

Furthermore thecapacity for such agita tion is increased. to a great extent by. the provision of two sides upon eachinwardly projecting rib member, these sidesbeing spaced from each other and extending inwardly from the periphery of the drum substantially in a plane with the axis of rotation. Thus, in effect, each rib member comprises a pair of perforated paddles for stirring and agitating the fluid and upon the interior of the drum theribs carry the articles in such manner that the greatest beneflt from the fluid agitation is received. Further, in the 

